Over many years, the family members of James Garfield discussed openly about his impressive career but seldom discussed his violent end. “We knew what had happened, that he was shot in a train station,” reflects one of his living relatives. “We learned about the story in historical accounts but, somehow, we just skimmed through it.”
This changed in 2011 with the issuing of Destiny of the Republic, which revived interest in Garfield's unfinished life. The publication has now led to a television production titled the presidential series, starring a talented performer as the president and another skilled actor as the unstable individual who gunned him down.
The series promises to illuminate Garfield, who rose from poverty to the highest office during the Gilded Age only to fall victim to its bitter partisan conflicts. His tenure was truncated after only several months not only by the gunman's shot but by doctor errors – an event now frequently ignored while the assassinations of the Civil War president and JFK continue to intrigue the public.
“One cannot help but admire what he did. He was like a multi-threat: he was a legal professional, he was a religious leader, he was a agriculturalist. He was so many things which also formed his character and his approach and the complete story about him the family carries down with us.”
Garfield was the most recent commander-in-chief born in a log cabin in Ohio in 1831. His father died when he was very young, leaving his mother, Eliza, to care for multiple kids in difficult circumstances. An dedicated student, Garfield found employment on vessels to earn money for an formal learning.
He studied law, was ordained as minister, became head of a school in Ohio and was a state senator. In 1858 he married a previous schoolmate, his future wife, with whom he would have multiple offspring. An ardent Unionist, Garfield viewed the civil war as a moral battle against forced servitude and progressed to the officer status.
“During my investigation, I was astonished. He was absolutely brilliant. He was incredibly brave. He was innovative for the period. He was caring. He was a good person and would have been a remarkable commander-in-chief had he lived.”
Garfield was encouraged by the wartime leader to depart military life when he was selected to the Congress, where he would serve as a party member for 17 years. He was ardent advocate of African American voting rights, viewing it as a issue of rights and the completion of a conflict agreement.
“The address he delivered on the floor of Congress will tear your heart out. He was an remarkable speaker and this matter was extremely significant to him.”
At the 1880 Republican National Convention in Chicago the party was fundamentally fractured between the “Stalwarts”, led by an influential figure, who supported a continued leadership for former president, and the “rival group”, who supported another candidate. Garfield attended as a advocate of his close associate John Sherman.
When the huge assembly was gridlocked between Grant and Blaine, delegates began looking for a solution. Garfield's impassioned speech proposing Sherman caught their attention. During the speech, he reportedly shouted, “And now, representatives, what do we want?” to which a attendee unexpectedly replied, “We want Garfield!”
On the multiple voting round, a stampede of delegates made Garfield the shocking choice. To appease the Stalwart faction, the vice presidential pick, a political ally from New York, was chosen as his vice president. In the national vote Garfield defeated the Democratic nominee to become the sole representative of the House ever to be chosen as leader.
“Garfield's potential greatness and what is very unusual and maybe particular about the American presidency is he wasn't seeking the position. It's not that he had entirely ignored the possibility but he was thrust into it.”
The central struggle of Garfield's short presidency was his disagreement with Conkling over the “political favors”. Conkling required power over government appointments in New York, particularly the prestigious role of customs official. Garfield refused, stating the issue was “concerning if the national leader becomes registering clerk of the senate or the executive of the United States”. He selected a political foe of Conkling to the post.
The confrontation escalated into a visible struggle but Garfield defeated Conkling in the Senate. Experiencing a embarrassing loss, Conkling and his associate left their positions in protest. The next day, Garfield's selection was approved. It was a historic triumph for the presidential control over the faction system and for the improvement efforts over “boss rule”.
But even as Garfield fought powerful figures of his party, he was being stalked by a disturbed and delusional man who represented the dark side of the spoils network. The assassin was a wanderer with a history of professional failures, emotional issues and early life difficulties. He had not succeeded as a legal professional, bill collector, preacher and member of a unconventional group.
“He was emotionally unstable and his unique form of delusion was fantasy. He always believed that religious calling for importance. He actually had superior economic background than Garfield but where Garfield achieved and rose, Guiteau could not accomplish anything.”
But Guiteau believed he had finally found a way to accomplishment: politics. Swept up in the events of the presidential race, he created and presented an insignificant speech, and became convinced in his own mind that he was solely accountable for Garfield's victory.
Under this thinking, Guiteau calculated he had merited a important role. He journeyed to DC and relentlessly pestered Garfield, Blaine and other officials, insisting to be made the foreign service officer — a role for which he had zero qualifications. He became such a annoyance that he was eventually prohibited from the White House.
On that fateful day, just a short time into his presidency, Garfield was departing the capital for his educational gathering. As he passed through the transportation center, Guiteau emerged from hiding, withdrew an handgun from his jacket and fired multiple rounds in the back.
Garfield cried out: “What's happening?” and dropped on the station floor. When a {police officer|law
Lena Voss is a tech enthusiast and writer, passionate about unraveling complex topics for curious minds.